Lactic Acid
Lactic acid is a gentle alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) commonly used in UK skincare to exfoliate and hydrate the skin. Naturally found in milk and fermented foods, it helps remove dead skin cells while attracting moisture, making it a popular choice in cleansers, toners, serums and moisturisers.
How it works in skincare
In cosmetics and skincare, lactic acid works by loosening the bonds between dead skin cells on the surface of the skin, encouraging gentle exfoliation that reveals smoother, brighter skin underneath. As a humectant it also draws water into the upper layers of the skin, improving hydration and supporting the skin’s natural moisture barrier. Its larger molecular size compared with glycolic acid makes it less penetrating and therefore milder, which is why it is often preferred in formulations aimed at sensitive or drier skin types.
Key benefits
- Gentle exfoliation of dead skin cells
- Improves skin smoothness and radiance
- Enhances skin hydration and moisture retention
- Helps refine skin texture and minimise dullness
- Supports a healthy skin barrier
- Can reduce the appearance of fine lines
Best for
dry skin, sensitive skin, mature skin, dull skin
Where it comes from
Lactic acid is naturally produced through the fermentation of carbohydrates, most commonly from plant-based sources such as corn, beet sugar or sugarcane. It can also be derived from milk, although vegan versions used in modern cosmetics are typically plant-derived.